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An Analysis of 13 Tourism Surveys: Are Three Waves of Data Collection Necessary?

Department of Recreation, Park and Tourism Sciences at Texas A&M University

Shu Tian-Cole

Department of Parks, Recreation and Tourism at the University of Missouri in Columbia

Variables were analyzed from 13 mail surveys addressing tourism issues, each of which collected data from three waves of respondents. A conceptual model was developed based on previous literature suggesting that differences in wave responses may be attributable to type of population (special interest groups or general populations) and/or to type of variable (demographic/profile or interest/behavioral), but the data did not support this contention. On 82% of the variables tested across the data sets, the additions of Waves 2 and 3 led to no change in the results, but a second wave typically reduced the variance on responses to the first wave by between 28% and 49%. It was recommended that instead of using resources to send Waves 2 and 3, those resources be allocated to intensive follow-up sampling of nonrespondents in a more representative way.

Journal of Travel Research, Vol. 39, No. 4, 356-368 (2001)
DOI: 10.1177/004728750103900402


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