|
Sign In to gain access to subscriptions and/or personal tools.
|
CHAID-based Segmentation: International Visitors' Trip Characteristics and Perceptions
Cathy H.C. Hsu
School of Hotel and Tourism Management at The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong, PRC
Soo K. Kang
Restaurant and Management at Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
This study segments inbound travelers to Hong Kong with a CHi-square A utomatic Identification Detector (CHAID) technique. Seven predictors are used to derive market segments based on their likelihood of revisiting Hong Kong. The CHAID analysis produces six segments based on respondents' travel purpose, age, income, and repeat visit status. Each segment is described according to trip characteristics, including length of stay, travel party size, total expenditure, frequency of visits, mode of travel, and post-trip perceptions. Suggestions are made based on findings from the study, and marketing implications for resultant segments are discussed.
Key Words: CHAID segmentation likelihood of return trip/travel characteristics perception Hong Kong
References
- Alant, Karin, and Johan Bruwer (2004). "Wine Tourism Behavior in the Context of a Motivational Framework for Wine Regions and Cellar Doors." Journal of Wine Research, 15 (1): 27—37.[CrossRef]
- Anwar, Syed Z., and M. Sadiq Sohail (2004). "Festival Tourism in the United Arab Emirates: First-time versus Repeat Visitor Perceptions." Journal of Vacation Marketing, 10 (2): 161—70.[Abstract]
- Arimond, George, and Abdulaziz Elfessi (2001). "A Clustering Method for Categorical Data in Tourism Market Segmentation Research." Journal of Travel Research, 39 (4): 391—97.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
- Bargeman, Bertine, Chang-Hyeon Joh, Harry Timmermans, and Peter van der Waerden (1999). "Correlates of Tourist Vacation Behavior: A Combination of CHAID and Loglinear Logit Analysis" Tourism Analysis, 4 (2): 83—94.
- Baron, Steve, and Dianne Phillips (1994). "Attitude Survey Data Reduction Using CHAID: An Example in Shopping Centre Market Research." Journal of Marketing Management, 10 (1/3): 75—88.
- Boulding, William, Ajay Kalra, Richard Staelin, and Valarie A. Zeithaml (1993). "A Dynamic Process Model of Service Quality: From Expectations to Behavioral Intentions." Journal of Marketing Research, 30 (1): 7—27.[CrossRef]
- Casas, Irene (2003). "Evaluating the Importance of Accessibility to Congestion Response Using a GIS-based Travel Simulator." Journal of Geographical Systems, 5 (1): 109—27.[CrossRef]
- Chen, Joseph S. (2003a). "Developing a Travel Segmentation Methodology: A Criterion-Based Approach." Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Research, 27 (3): 310—27.[CrossRef]
- Chen, Joseph S. (2003b). "Market Segmentation by Tourists' Sentiments." Annals of Tourism Research, 30 (1): 178—93.[CrossRef]
- Cronin, Joseph J., Jr., and Steven A. Taylor (1992). "Measuring Service Quality: A Reexamination and Extension." Journal of Marketing, 56 (3): 55—68.
- Crotts, John C. (2004). "The Effect of Cultural Distance on Overseas Travel Behaviors." Journal of Travel Research, 43 (1): 83—88.[Abstract]
- Dolnicar, Sara (2004). "Insights into Sustainable Tourists in Austria: A Data-Based A Priori Segmentation Approach." Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 12 (3): 209—18.
- Dolnicar, Sara, and Martin Fluker (2003). "Behavioural Market Segments among Surf Tourists: Investigating Past Destination Choice." Journal of Sport Tourism, 8 (3): 186—96.
- Elsner, Ralf, Manfred Krafft, and Arnd Huchzermeier (2003). "Optimizing Rhenania's Mail-Order Business through Dynamic Multilevel Modeling (DMLM)." Interfaces, 33 (1): 50—66.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
- Fredline, Elizabeth, and Bill Faulkner ( 2000). "Host Community Reactions: A Cluster Analysis." Annals of Tourism Research, 27 (3): 763—84.[CrossRef]
- Graham, Margaret, and Victoria Russell (2001). "Inverclyde Ferry Services: A Passenger Segmentation Analysis." Journal of Vacation Marketing, 7 (3): 221—33.[Abstract]
- Grobler, B.R., T.C. Bisschoff, and K.C. Moloi (2002). "The CHAID-Technique and the Relationship between School Effectiveness and Various Independent Variables." International Studies in Educational Administration, 30 (3): 44—56.
- Haughton, Dominique, and Samer Oulabi (1997). "Direct Marketing Modeling with CART and CHAID." Journal of Direct Marketing, 11 (4): 42—52.[CrossRef]
- Hofstede, Geert H. (2001). Culture's Consequences: Comparing Values, Behaviors, Institutions, and Organizations across Nations (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
- Hong Kong Tourism Board Market Report (HKTB). ( 2002). Retrieved December 1, 2002, from http://partnernet.hktourismboard.com/pnweb/jsp/comm
- Hsu, Cathy H. C., and Soo K. Kang (2003). "Profiling Asian and Western Family Independent Travelers (FITs): An Exploratory Study." Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 8 (1): 58—71.[CrossRef]
- Huan, Tzung-Cheng, Jay Beaman, and Metin Kozak (2003) "Implications of Models of Repeat Travel for the Concept of Destination Loyalty." Leisure and Society, 26 (1): 183—207.
- Jang, Soo Cheong, Alastair M. Morrison, and Joseph T. O'Leary (2004). "The Tourism Efficient Frontier: An Approach to Selecting the Most Efficient Travel Segment Mixes." Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 16 (4): 33—46.
- Kass, G.V. (1980). "An Exploratory Technique for Investigating Large Quantities of Categorical Data." Applied Statistics, 29 (2): 119—27.[CrossRef]
- Keaveney, Susan M. (1995). "Customer Switching Behavior in Service Industries: An Exploratory Study." Journal of Marketing, 59 (2), 71—82.
- Kim, Kakyom, and Giri Jogaratnam (2003). "Activity Preferences of Asian International and Domestic American University Students: An Alternate Basis for Segmentation." Journal of Vacation Marketing, 9 (3): 260—70.[Abstract]
- Kozak, Metin, Tzung-Cheng Huan, and Jay Beaman (2002). "A Systematic Approach to Non-Repeat and Repeat Travel: With Measurement and Destination Loyalty Concept Implications." Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 12 (4): 19—38.
- Lehto, Xinran Y., Joseph T. O'Leary, and Alastair M. Morrison (2002). "Do Psychographics Influence Vacation Destination Choices? A Comparison of British Travellers to North America, Asia and Oceania." Journal of Vacation Marketing, 8 (2): 109—25.[Abstract]
- Levin, Nissan, and Jacob Zahavi (2001). "Predictive Modeling Using Segmentation." Journal of Interactive Marketing, 15(2): 2—22.
- Lo, Ada, CatherineCheung, and Rob Law (2004). "Information Search Behavior of Mainland Chinese Air Travelers to Hong Kong." Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 16 (1): 43—51.
- Magidson, Jay (1994). "The CHAID Approach to Segmentation Modeling: Chi-squared Automatic Interaction Detection." In Advanced Methods of Marketing Research, edited by Richard P. Bagozzi. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell, pp. 118—59.
- McKercher, Bob (2001). "A Comparison of Main Destination Visitors and through Travelers at a Dual-purpose Destination." Journal of Travel Research, 39 (4): 433—41.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
- Michael, Ian, AnonaArmstrong, and Brian King ( 2004). "The Travel Behaviour of International Students: The Relationship between Studying Abroad and Their Choice of Tourist Destinations." Journal of Vacation Marketing, 10 (1): 57—66.[Abstract]
- Ngwane, Alfred, Venkata Yadavalli, and Francois Steffens (2001 ). "Poverty in South Africa: A Statistical Analysis." Development Southern Africa, 18 (2): 201—15.
- Oppermann, Martin (1995). "A Model of Travel Itineraries." Journal of Travel Research, 33 (4): 57—61.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
- Petrick, James F. (2004). "First Timers' and Repeaters' Perceived Value." Journal of Travel Research, 43 (1): 29—38.[Abstract]
- Phillips, Jessica (2005, October 7). "Tussauds Group Appoints Spinnaker to Target Kids." Precision Marketing, 17 (48): 3.
- Reichheld, Frederick F. (1996). The Loyalty Effect: The Hidden Force Behind Growth, Profits, and Lasting Value. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.
- Riquier, Chris, Sandra Luxton, and Byron Sharp (1997). "Probabilistic Segmentation Modelling." Journal of the Market Research Society, 39 (4): 571—88.
- Ronen, Simcha, and Oded Shenkar (1985). "Clustering Countries on Attitudinal Dimensions: A Review and Synthesis." Academy of Management Review, 10 (3): 435—54.[CrossRef]
- Rosenbaum, Mark S., and Daniel L. Spears (2005). "Who Buys That? Who Does What? Analysis of Cross-Cultural Consumption Behaviours among Tourists in Hawaii." Journal of Vacation Marketing, 11 (3): 235—47.[Abstract]
- Schellinck, Tony, and Kent Groves (2002). "How Low Can You Go? The Value of Sparse Data in Retail Databases." Journal of Database Marketing, 9 (2): 143—9.[CrossRef]
- Si-Chaid® (2001). SI-Chi-square Automatic Identification Detection. Belmont, MA: SI-Inc.
- SI-CHAID® User's Manual (2001). Statistical Innovations, Inc. Belmont, MA: SI-Inc.
- Sirakaya, Ercan, Muzaffer Uysal, and Carlton F. Yoshioka (2003). "Segmenting the Japanese Tour Market to Turkey." Journal of Travel Research, 41 (3): 293—304.[Abstract]
- Suh, Yong K. and William C. Gartner (2004). "Perceptions in International Urban Tourism: An Analysis of Travelers to Seoul, Korea." Journal of Travel Research, 43 (1): 39—45.[Abstract]
- Sung, Heidi H., Alastair M. Morrison, Gong-Soog Hong, and Joseph T. O'Leary (2001). "The Effects of Household and Trip Characteristics on Trip Types: A Consumer Behavioral Approach for Segmenting the U.S. Domestic Leisure Travel Market." Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Research, 25 (1): 46—68.[CrossRef]
- Toh, Rex S., Habibullah Khan, and Lay-Ling Kim (2004). "Two-Stage Shift-Share Analyses of Tourism Arrivals and Arrivals by Purpose of Visit: The Singapore Experience." Journal of Travel Research, 43 (1): 57—66.[Abstract]
- van Middelkoop, Manon, Aloys Borgers, and Harry Timmermans (2003). " Inducing Heuristic Principles of Tourist Choice of Travel Mode: A Rule-Based Approach." Journal of Travel Research, 42 (1): 75—83.[Abstract]
- Walters, Peter G. P. (1997). "Global Market Segmentation: Methodologies and Challenges." Journal of Marketing Management, 13(1/3): 165—77.
- Welte, John W., Grace M. Barnes, William F. Wieczorek, and Marie-Cecile Tidwell (2004). "Gambling Participation and Pathology in the United States: A Sociodemographic Analysis Using Classification Trees." Addictive Behaviors, 29 (5): 983—9.[CrossRef][Medline]
[Order article via Infotrieve]
- Woodside, Arch G., and William H. Motes (1981). "Sensitivities of Market Segments to Separate Advertising Strategies." Journal of Marketing, 45 (1): 63—73.[CrossRef]
- Wyner, Gordon A. (1995). "Segmentation Analysis, Then and Now." A Magazine of Management & Applications, 7 (1): 40.
- Yoo, Joanne Jung-Eun, Bob McKercher, and Miguela Mena (2004). "A Cross-Cultural Comparison of Trip Characteristics: International Visitors to Hong Kong from Mainland China and USA." Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 16 (1): 65—77.
This version was published on November
1, 2007
Journal of Travel Research, Vol. 46, No. 2,
207-216 (2007)
DOI: 10.1177/0047287507299571

CiteULike Complore Connotea Del.icio.us Digg Reddit Technorati Twitter What's this?
|
|